Please provide a through and detailed gingival description for the two pictures provided and then provide the histological changes that are occuring based off your description.
Picture #1
Mandibular Free:
Erythematous: caused from alteration in vascular permeability and dilation, often with the infiltration of leukocytes into affected tissues resulting in the glossy and shiny apperance.
Edematous: caused by the infiltration by fluid and cells of inflammatory exudate as a result of the inflmation process increasing the amounts of WBC's and Macrophages as part of the inflammatory cascade of events taking place.
Bulbous: chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement begins in the interdental papilla and marginal gingiva which produces a bulge shape around the involved teeth. The gingiva has an abundance of inflammatory cells and fluid with vascular engorgement, new capillary formation and associated degenerative changes.
Suppuration facial #27: Crevicular fluid increased because when gingiva is unhealthy the amount of sulcular fluid increases and its composition starts to resemble that of exudates and exits the basement membrane and enters the sulcus. The fluid contains components of C.T. epithelium inflammatory cells, serum, and microbial flora.
Mandibular Attached:
Firmly bound to bone
Erythematous: caused from alteration in vascular permeability and dilation, often with the infiltration of leukocytes into affected tissues
Glossy/shiny: Caused from the loss of stippling due to gingival atrophy. Stippling usually occurs from the presence of rete pegs; during a state of disease the rete pegs are lost causing a smooth appearance.
Picture #2
Maxillary Free:
Erythematous: due to inflmation of the capillaries, caused from alteration in vascular permeability and dilation, often with the infiltration of leukocytes into affected tissues induced by the adherence of bacterial biofilms adhering to the tooths surface.
Fibrotic and suppuration: The fibrous gingiva is caused by the degeneration of connective tissue and epithelium associated with injurious substances that provoke the inflammation and exudate.There is a thinning of epithelium and degeneration associated with edema and leukocyte invasion caused from inflammation. The suppuration is caused when the gingiva is unhealthy the amount of sulcular fluid increases and its composition starts to resemble that of exudates and exits the basement membrane and enters the sulcus. The fluid contains components of C.T. epithelium inflammatory cells, serum, and microbial flora.
Clefted and Rolled on lingual: Clefting is caused from recession consisting of a narrow triangular shaped. As the recession progresses apically the cleft becomes broader, this is caused from inflammatory changes in the marginal gingiva.The gingiva has an abundance of inflammatory cells and fluid with vascular engorgement, new capillary formation and associated degenerative changes which causes the rolled appearance.
Keratinized/Firm/leathery:fibrosis and epithelial proliferation associated with longstanding chronic inflammation.
Maxillary Attached:
Erythematous:caused from alteration in vascular permeability and dilation, often with the infiltration of leukocytes into affected tissues
Fibrotic: The fibrous gingiva is caused by the degeneration of connective tissue and epithelium associated with injurious substances that provoke the inflammation and exudate.There is a thinning of epithelium and degeneration associated with edema and leukocyte invasion caused from inflammation.
Hyperkeratinized/leathery/firm:fibrosis and epithelial proliferation associated with longstanding chronic inflammation.
Learning Group #5 - Gingival Description
Please provide a through and detailed gingival description for the two pictures provided and then provide the histological changes that are occuring based off your description.
Picture #1
Mandibular Free:- Erythematous: caused from alteration in vascular permeability and dilation, often with the infiltration of leukocytes into affected tissues resulting in the glossy and shiny apperance.
- Edematous: caused by the infiltration by fluid and cells of inflammatory exudate as a result of the inflmation process increasing the amounts of WBC's and Macrophages as part of the inflammatory cascade of events taking place.
- Bulbous: chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement begins in the interdental papilla and marginal gingiva which produces a bulge shape around the involved teeth. The gingiva has an abundance of inflammatory cells and fluid with vascular engorgement, new capillary formation and associated degenerative changes.
- Suppuration facial #27: Crevicular fluid increased because when gingiva is unhealthy the amount of sulcular fluid increases and its composition starts to resemble that of exudates and exits the basement membrane and enters the sulcus. The fluid contains components of C.T. epithelium inflammatory cells, serum, and microbial flora.
Mandibular Attached:Picture #2
Maxillary Free:- Erythematous: due to inflmation of the capillaries, caused from alteration in vascular permeability and dilation, often with the infiltration of leukocytes into affected tissues induced by the adherence of bacterial biofilms adhering to the tooths surface.
- Fibrotic and suppuration: The fibrous gingiva is caused by the degeneration of connective tissue and epithelium associated with injurious substances that provoke the inflammation and exudate. There is a thinning of epithelium and degeneration associated with edema and leukocyte invasion caused from inflammation. The suppuration is caused when the gingiva is unhealthy the amount of sulcular fluid increases and its composition starts to resemble that of exudates and exits the basement membrane and enters the sulcus. The fluid contains components of C.T. epithelium inflammatory cells, serum, and microbial flora.
- Clefted and Rolled on lingual: Clefting is caused from recession consisting of a narrow triangular shaped. As the recession progresses apically the cleft becomes broader, this is caused from inflammatory changes in the marginal gingiva. The gingiva has an abundance of inflammatory cells and fluid with vascular engorgement, new capillary formation and associated degenerative changes which causes the rolled appearance.
- Keratinized/Firm/leathery: fibrosis and epithelial proliferation associated with longstanding chronic inflammation.
Maxillary Attached: